FreeBSD 5.0-Release Note

FreeBSD 5.0-Release Note
当然除了以下之外还有,有兴趣请自行查阅,此为泡泡自行的注释

网址:http://www.freebsd.org/releases/5.0R/relnotes-i386.html

发布日期: 2003/01/19

Kernel Changes
acct(2) has been changed to open.

Bluetooth devices has been added.

The kernel environment is now dynamic and can be changed via the new kenv(2) system call.

Extremely large swap areas(>67GB) no longer panic the system.
中译:超大的swap(> 67G) 已经不再是个bug罗.

Bootloader Changes
The kernel and modules have been moved to the directory /boot/kernel

Filesystems
UFS2 filesystem.
UFS1 remains the default on-disk format,UFS2 can be selected as an option in newfs or via the partitioning screen in sysinstall.
64-bit(pentium 4) paltforms can boot from UFS2 root filesystem.
中译:除了原先的UFS档案系统,5.0 新增了UFS2系统.

Thes changes may create some compatability problems when system older than FreeBSD 4.7-RELEASE attempts to mount or fsck a local UFS1 filesystem created by FreeBSD 5.0-RELEASE or later.
FreeBSD 4.7-RELEASE and later are fully compatible.

Security-Related Changes
resolver,bind,openssl,tcpdump ...

Userland Changes
adduser and rmuser are no sh scroipts rather than Perl scripts

chmod now supports a -h for changing the mode of a symbolic link
chmod now also when the mode is modified prints the old and new modes if the -v option is specified more than once.

chown no longer takes , as a user/group delimeter. the change was made to support usernames containing a . character.
中译:chown原先的使用者与群组的分隔.改为: 主要是为了配合使用者帐号中有.的使用者.

cp now takes a (nonstandard)-n option to automatically anser "no" when it would ask to overwrite a file.

a new csplit utility which splits files basred on context,has been added.

ftpd now supports the -m option to permit guest users to modify exiting files if allowed by filesystem permissions. In particular,this enables guest users to resume uploads.

By default,inetd is no longer run by rc at boot time,although sysinstall gives the option of enabling it during binary installations. inetd can also be enabled by add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
inetd_enable="YES"
中译:inetd不再由rc於开机时自行启动,但仍可於/etc/rc.conf中加入inetd_enable="YES" 使inetd自动启动.

inetd now has the capability for limiting the maximum number of simultaneous invocations of each service from a single IP address.

killall no longer tries to kill zombie processes unless the -z flag is specified.

pwd now supports the -L flag to print the logical current working directory.

sysctl now accepts a -d flag to print the descriptions of variables.

Upgrades
``backup everything, reformat, reinstall, and restore everything""
中译:升级前请务必"备份一切的重要事物,重新格式化,重新安装,重新复原所有的事物".

Binary Upgrades
the binary upgrade option in sysinstall(8) has not been well-tested for cross-major-version upgrades. Using this feature is not recommended. In particular, a binary upgrade will leave behind a number of files that are present in FreeBSD 4.X but not in 5.0. These obsolete files may create some problems.
中译:可采用sysinstall采用binary作跨主版本升级,但不建议,因为这种的升级将会遗留一些4.X存在,但5.0不存在的档案.而这些遗留的档案可能造成一些问题.

Source Upgrades
Reading src/UPDATING is absolutely essential. The section entitled ``To upgrade from 4.x-stable to current"" contains a step-by-step update procedure. This procedure must be followed exactly, without making use of the ``shortcuts"" that some users occasionally employ.
中译:若采用source升级,请务必详细的观看 src/UPDATING 的内容,并且确实的依照其中的步骤处理,请勿使用所谓的升级捷径.

the Release Engineering Team does not encourage users to blindly update from older FreeBSD release to 5.0. Specially,for more conservative users,we recommend running 4.X release(such as 4.7-RELEASE or the upcoming 4.8-RELEASE)
中译:Release Engineering Team并不建议使用者盲目的将FreeBSD升级到5.0,尤其是对那些较保守的使用者来说,他们建议仍使用4.X的release版本(4.7-RELEASE或及将释出的4.8-RELEASE)