FreeBSD--4.9-RELEASE

FreeBSD 4.9-Release Note
当然除了以下之外还有,有兴趣请自行查阅,此为泡泡自行的注释

网址:http://www.freebsd.org/releases/4.9R/relnotes-i386.html

发布日期: 2003/10/28

Security Advisories

修正 FreeBSD-SA-03:07.sendmail  (也就是 sendmail 版本为 8.12.9 所以仍需要修补..^^") 等等错误.

Kernel Changes
Support for the Physical Address Extensions (PAE) capability on Intel Pentium Pro and higher processors has been added. This allows the use of up to 64GB of RAM in a machine, although the amount of memory usable by any single process (or the FreeBSD kernel) is unchanged. The pae(4) manual page has more details on this feature.
中译:透过PAE Kernel参数 可以支援到 64GB 的RAM.

Network Protocols
ipfw(4) rules now support comma-separated address lists (such as 1.2.3.4, 5.6.7.8/30, 9.10.11.12/22), and allow spaces after commas to make lists of addresses more readable.

ipfw(4)rules now support C++-style comments. Each comment is stored together with its rule and appears using the ipfw(8)show command.

ipfw(8)can now modify ipfw(4) rules in set 31, which was read-only and used for the default rules. They can be deleted by ipfw delete set 31 command but are not deleted by the ipfw flush command. This implements a flexible form of ``persistent rules"". More details can be found in ipfw(8)
中译: ipfw 新增支援用逗点分隔位址;支援C++语法;及相关ipfw删除功能.

Userland Changes
arp(8)now supports a -i option to limit the scope of the current operation to the ARP entries on a particular interface. This option applies to the display operations only. It should be useful on routers with numerous network interfaces.
中译: arp 新增一个 -a 参数,用来限制某一特定介面的ARP运作范围.

ipfw(8)list and show command now support ranges of rule numbers.
中译: ipfw list及 show 命令支援ipfw规则编号范围.

ipfw(8) now supports a -n flag to test the syntax of commands without actually changing anything.
中译: ipfw 提供 -n 参数 在不变动任何状况下,提供测试ipfw规则.

systat(1)now includes displays for IPv6 and ICMPv6 traffic.
中译: systat 显示包含 IPv6 和 ICMPv6 的流量

Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure
pkg_create(1)now supports a -C option, which allows packages to register a list of other packages with which they conflict. They will refuse to install (via pkg_add(1)) if one of the listed packages is already present. The -f flag to pkg_add(1) overrides this conflict-checking.
中译:pkg_create 新支援 -C 参数,当登录安装软体发生冲突时使用.
         可以透过 pkg_add 的 -f 参数强制忽略冲突性的检查.

Upgrading from previous releases of FreeBSD
If you"re upgrading from a previous release of FreeBSD, you generally will have three options:

Using the binary upgrade option of sysinstall(8). This option is perhaps the quickest, although it presumes that your installation of FreeBSD uses no special compilation options.

Performing a complete reinstall of FreeBSD. Technically, this is not an upgrading method, and in any case is usually less convenient than a binary upgrade, in that it requires you to manually backup and restore the contents of /etc. However, it may be useful in cases where you want (or need) to change the partitioning of your disks.

From source code in /usr/src. This route is more flexible, but requires more disk space, time, and technical expertise. More information can be found in the ``Using make world"" section of the FreeBSD Handbook. Upgrading from very old versions of FreeBSD may be problematic; in cases like this, it is usually more effective to perform a binary upgrade or a complete reinstall.
中译:若你想要从前一版本升级到4.9R,你可以有三种选择.
        1.透过 sysinstall 方式直接用binary升级.(没有太多选择设定,是最快的方式!!)
        2.完全的重新安装FreeBSD.技术上来说,这不能算是升级动作..你必须自行备份 /etc 下的档案
           不过,对於若要重新分割磁区来说,这是相当方便的.
        3.透过 /usr/src 进行更新.这个步骤是很有弹性的,但是需要额外的硬碟空间及*技术经验*.
           从旧版本升级*可能*充满问题,基本上来说,若要避免这个状况,步骤1,2是比较有效率的.

Please read the INSTALL.TXT file for more information, preferably before beginning an upgrade. If you are upgrading from source, please be sure to read /usr/src/UPDATING as well.
中译:在升级前请阅读 INSTALL.TXT 及 /usr/src/UPDATING

Important: Upgrading FreeBSD should, of course, only be attempted after backing up all data and configuration files.
中译:请务必注意,*在升级FreeBSD之前*,请务必备份*所有资料及相关设定档*!!