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在J2ME中基于UDP协议编程一文中介绍了如何使用Datagram和DatagramConnection来开发应用程序,本文将主要讲述在MIDP2.0中使用ServerSocketConnection和SocketConnection来开发联网应用程序。
源代码网整理以下
在J2ME中基于UDP协议编程一文中介绍了如何使用Datagram和DatagramConnection来开发应用程序,本文将主要讲述在MIDP2.0中使用ServerSocketConnection和SocketConnection来开发联网应用程序。TCP协议是可以保证传输的质量的,这也是他和UDP的一大区别。由于以上谈到的四个类都属于GCF,他们在程序编写方面也非常相似,通常我们在Server端的某个端口监听,当客户端连接服务器的时候,则可以得到一个SocketConnection的实例。通过两端的SocketConnection则可以实现C/S结构的通信了。
首先看一下,ServerSocketConnection类,它的一个非常重要的方法就是acceptAndOpen()方法,这个方法返回一个SocketConnection实例,从而使得客户端和服务器端可以通过socket通信了。典型的代码如下:
// Create the server listening socket for port 1234 ServerSocketConnection scn = (ServerSocketConnection) Connector.open("socket://:1234");
// Wait for a connection. SocketConnection sc = (SocketConnection) scn.acceptAndOpen();
// Set application specific hints on the socket. sc.setSocketOption(DELAY, 0); sc.setSocketOption(LINGER, 0); sc.setSocketOption(KEEPALIVE, 0); sc.setSocketOption(RCVBUF, 128); sc.setSocketOption(SNDBUF, 128);
// Get the input stream of the connection. DataInputStream is = sc.openDataInputStream();
// Get the output stream of the connection. DataOutputStream os = sc.openDataOutputStream();
// Read the input data. String result = is.readUTF();
// Echo the data back to the sender. os.writeUTF(result);
// Close everything. is.close(); os.close(); sc.close(); scn.close(); ..
SocketConnection的使用也是非常简单,通过Connector的open方法我们可以得到一个SocketConnection的实例。 SocketConnection sc = (SocketConnection) Connector.open("socket://host.com:79"); sc.setSocketOption(SocketConnection.LINGER, 5);
InputStream is = sc.openInputStream(); OutputStream os = sc.openOutputStream();
os.write("rn".getBytes()); int ch = 0; while(ch != -1) { ch = is.read(); }
is.close(); os.close(); sc.close(); 其实我们在用socket编写程序的时候无非遵循这样的一种规则:服务器端建立监听端口等待连接,客户端通过open()方法与服务器端建立连接,两端通过建立的socket传输数据,关闭连接。
下图是我在运行WTK中NetworkDemo的时候的截图!代码也一并发表出来。

package socket;
import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.io.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import java.io.*;
public class SocketMIDlet extends MIDlet implements CommandListener { private static final String SERVER = "Server"; private static final String CLIENT = "Client"; private static final String[] names = { SERVER, CLIENT }; private static Display display; private Form f; private ChoiceGroup cg; private boolean isPaused; private Server server; private Client client; private Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1); private Command startCommand = new Command("Start", Command.ITEM, 1);
public SocketMIDlet() { display = Display.getDisplay(this); f = new Form("Socket Demo"); cg = new ChoiceGroup("Please select peer", Choice.EXCLUSIVE, names,null); f.append(cg);
f.addCommand(exitCommand); f.addCommand(startCommand); f.setCommandListener(this);
display.setCurrent(f); }
public boolean isPaused() { return isPaused; }
public void startApp() { isPaused = false; }
public void pauseApp() { isPaused = true; }
public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) { if (server != null) { server.stop(); } if (client != null) { client.stop(); } }
public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s) { if (c == exitCommand) { destroyApp(true); notifyDestroyed(); } else if (c == startCommand) { String name = cg.getString(cg.getSelectedIndex()); if (name.equals(SERVER)) { server = new Server(this); server.start(); } else { client = new Client(this); client.start(); } } }
}
package socket;
import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.io.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import java.io.*;
public class Server implements Runnable, CommandListener { private SocketMIDlet parent; private Display display; private Form f; private StringItem si; private TextField tf; private boolean stop; private Command sendCommand = new Command("Send", Command.ITEM, 1); private Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1); InputStream is; OutputStream os; SocketConnection sc; ServerSocketConnection scn; Sender sender; public Server(SocketMIDlet m) { parent = m; display = Display.getDisplay(parent); f = new Form("Socket Server"); si = new StringItem("Status:", " "); tf = new TextField("Send:", "", 30, TextField.ANY); f.append(si); f.append(tf); f.addCommand(exitCommand); f.setCommandListener(this); display.setCurrent(f); }
public void start() { Thread t = new Thread(this); t.start(); }
public void run() { try { si.setText("Waiting for connection"); scn = (ServerSocketConnection) Connector.open("socket://:5009");
// Wait for a connection. sc = (SocketConnection) scn.acceptAndOpen(); si.setText("Connection accepted"); is = sc.openInputStream(); os = sc.openOutputStream(); sender = new Sender(os); // Allow sending of messages only after Sender is created f.addCommand(sendCommand);
while (true) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); int c = 0;
while (((c = is.read()) != n ) && (c != -1)) { sb.append((char) c); }
if (c == -1) { break; } si.setText("Message received - " + sb.toString()); } stop(); si.setText("Connection is closed"); f.removeCommand(sendCommand); } catch (IOException ioe) { if (ioe.getMessage().equals("ServerSocket Open")) { Alert a = new Alert("Server", "Port 5000 is already taken.",null, AlertType.ERROR); a.setTimeout(Alert.FOREVER); a.setCommandListener(this); display.setCurrent(a); } else { if (!stop) { ioe.printStackTrace(); } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s) { if (c == sendCommand && !parent.isPaused()) { sender.send(tf.getString()); }
if ((c == Alert.DISMISS_COMMAND) || (c == exitCommand)) { parent.notifyDestroyed(); parent.destroyApp(true); } }
/** * Close all open streams */
public void stop() { try { stop = true;
if (is != null) { is.close(); }
if (os != null) { os.close(); }
if (sc != null) { sc.close(); }
if (scn != null) { scn.close(); } } catch (IOException ioe) { } } }
package socket;
import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.io.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import java.io.*;
public class Client implements Runnable, CommandListener { private SocketMIDlet parent; private Display display; private Form f; private StringItem si; private TextField tf; private boolean stop; private Command sendCommand = new Command("Send", Command.ITEM, 1); private Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1);
InputStream is; OutputStream os; SocketConnection sc; Sender sender;
public Client(SocketMIDlet m) { parent = m; display = Display.getDisplay(parent); f = new Form("Socket Client"); si = new StringItem("Status:", " "); tf = new TextField("Send:", "", 30, TextField.ANY); f.append(si); f.append(tf); f.addCommand(exitCommand); f.addCommand(sendCommand); f.setCommandListener(this); display.setCurrent(f); }
/** * Start the client thread */ public void start() { Thread t = new Thread(this); t.start(); }
public void run() { try { sc = (SocketConnection) Connector.open("socket://localhost:5009"); si.setText("Connected to server"); is = sc.openInputStream(); os = sc.openOutputStream();
// Start the thread for sending messages - see Sender s main // comment for explanation sender = new Sender(os); // Loop forever, receiving data while (true) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); int c = 0; while (((c = is.read()) != n ) && (c != -1)) { sb.append((char) c); }
if (c == -1) { break; } // Display message to user si.setText("Message received - " + sb.toString()); } stop(); si.setText("Connection closed"); f.removeCommand(sendCommand); } catch (ConnectionNotFoundException cnfe) { Alert a = new Alert("Client", "Please run Server MIDlet first",null, AlertType.ERROR); a.setTimeout(Alert.FOREVER); a.setCommandListener(this); display.setCurrent(a); } catch (IOException ioe) { if (!stop) { ioe.printStackTrace(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s) { if (c == sendCommand && !parent.isPaused()) { sender.send(tf.getString()); }
if ((c == Alert.DISMISS_COMMAND) || (c == exitCommand)) { parent.notifyDestroyed(); parent.destroyApp(true); } }
/** * Close all open streams */
public void stop() { try { stop = true; if (sender != null) { sender.stop(); }
if (is != null) { is.close(); }
if (os != null) { os.close(); }
if (sc != null) { sc.close(); } } catch (IOException ioe) { } } }
package socket;
import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.io.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import java.io.*;
public class Sender extends Thread {
private OutputStream os; private String message;
public Sender(OutputStream os) { this.os = os; start(); }
public synchronized void send(String msg) { message = msg; notify(); }
public synchronized void run() { while (true) { // If no client to deal, wait until one connects if (message == null) { try { wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } }
if (message == null) { break; }
try { os.write(message.getBytes()); os.write("rn".getBytes()); } catch (IOException ioe) { ioe.printStackTrace(); }
// Completed client handling, return handler to pool and // mark for wait message = null; } }
public synchronized void stop() { message = null; notify(); } }
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